C programming language offers a wide range of operators to perform various logical and mathematical operations on variables. These operators are basically symbols that tell the compiler to execute certain arithmetic and logical operations on a particular variable or value.

Operators in C are the symbols that perform different arithmetic and logical operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication and division etc on a numerical value or variable. Some of the basic arithmetic operators are +, -, *, / and %.

Assignment Operators

The C programming language has a number of operators that perform various operations on numerical values (constants and variables). These are addition, subtraction, multiplication, division etc.

The most basic assignment operator is = which assigns the value of the right side expression or variable to the left side. Usually, this operator is used in conjunction with the + and – operators as it also assigns the result of these operations to the variable.

Besides these, there are some other important operators in the C programming language. For example, the sizeof operator returns the size of data such as constants, variables, arrays, and structures. The comma operator is also an important one as it can be used to group terms of an expression and decide the order in which they are evaluated.

Another important operator in the C programming language is the % operator which computes the remainder of an arithmetic operation such as addition, subtraction, or multiplication on two operands. For example, if a is divided by b then the remainder would be 1 since a and b are integers.

Other important operators in the C programming language include the addition operator + and the subtraction operator – which can be used to multiply or subtract the value of an operand. Moreover, there are also some unary operators in the C programming language such as the increment ++ and decrement — which can be used to change the value of an operand by one.

Comparison Operators

Operators in C programming language are special symbols used to perform arithmetic, logical and bitwise operations on the given operands. They are grouped into four categories: assignment operators, comparison operators, conditional operators and ternary operators.

A comparison operator compares two values and returns either a 1 or 0 value depending on whether the two values are equal to each other or not. These comparisons are important in programming, because they help you find answers and make decisions.

There are a number of comparison operators in C, such as , > , and !, which can be used to compare objects based on memory locations or offsets. They can also be used to compare objects with nested classes, which are a common programming scenario.

Besides the relational and equality operators, C also provides several other special operators like sizeof and “?:”. These operators can be used to check the size of a variable or an expression.

To perform a comparison, you need to provide the operands and then execute the expression. The comparison can be a simple or complex one, and you should choose the right operator to suit your requirements.

In addition, you must be familiar with the precedence and associativity rules of the various operators. These rules determine how an expression is evaluated and the grouping of terms in the expression.

These precedence rules also determine the order in which operators are bound to the operands. The operators with higher precedence are first bound to the operands and then the lower-precedence operators are bound.

The arithmetic operators have the highest precedence in this regard, and are the first operators bound to the operands during the evaluation of an expression. After the arithmetic operators, the relational operators and equality operators have a low precedence.

When the arithmetic operators are compared, they must be treated as arithmetic expressions and enclosing the operands in parentheses improves clarity. The other operators, however, do not require parentheses. When the expression is a multiplication operation, it can be encapsulated in parentheses because it contains more than one operand.

Logical Operators

Logical operators are used to evaluate two or more conditions and return the net result of the expression if it is true. They are commonly used in decision making and can be very useful for programmers.

The logical AND (&&) and the logical OR (||) operators are binary operators that need two operands or input values to perform the operation. They return the Boolean value 1 if both the operands are true, and false if one or both of them are not.

These operators are often used in multi-conditional statements in C. They can be useful for determining whether a value is valid, or if an error has occurred. They also help to make complex programs more readable, especially when multiple if-else blocks are used.

There are three logical operators in the C programming language that are important to understand: &&, || and not. These operators act on relational expressions and variables, but can also be used with constants.

&& is the most common of the logical operators, and it is represented by a double ampersand symbol. It checks the condition of both the operands by combining them into an expression, and then returns the Boolean value true or 1. If the first input evaluates to be false, the compiler will not check the second input because it will assume that both the values are false.

This operator is a bitwise operation, which means it uses boolean algebra to perform conjunctive and disjunctive operations bit by bit. This increases the processing speed of a program exponentially, as it is able to process two or more expressions at a time.

However, && has the highest precedence among logical operators and as a result can cause unexpected behavior in some cases. It is important to know the precedence of logical operators so that you can avoid them in your code.

&& is a very common operator in the C programming language, and it is represented by a double amp symbol. It checks the condition of both the inputs by combining them into an expression, then returns the Boolean value true. It also has the highest precedence among logical operators, and as a result can cause unexpected behavior. It is important to know the precedence or binding of logical operators so that you can avoid their misuse in your code.

Bitwise Operators

Bitwise operators are a type of operator in C that allows you to manipulate individual bits in a data type. They are used to perform operations such as masking, shifting, and setting bits.

This is a great way to save space in representing data, and it can be useful in many cases. But there are a few things to keep in mind about working at the level of the individual bits.

First of all, it’s important to know that these operators can be a little complex at times. It’s also important to remember that they should not be compared with logical operators, because they work differently.

One of the most common bitwise operators is XOR. It takes two input values ( Binary sequences of two values ) and performs the XOR operation on each pair of bits in the given sequence.

XOR returns true, if both input values are non-zero. It is denoted by the caret symbol in C programs.

Another bitwise operator is OR, which takes two input values ( Binary sequences of three values ) and performs the OR operation on each pair of bits in the given combination. It returns true if both of the input values are non-zero and false if both of the input values are zero.

The final bitwise operator is COMPLEMENT, which returns the one’s complement of a value. It requires only one input value, and it’s denoted by the tilde symbol in C programs.

These operators are used in a wide range of applications. They are especially important in Embedded System programming, where they are often used to manipulate memory addresses, contents of peripheral registers, and status registers. They can also be used in designing protocols.